Gelatin was originally made by boiling calves feet in huge kettles for hours. Fish gelatin is often used to produce kosher marshmallows. Making kosher gelatin uses essentially the same process as has been used for hundreds of years, with some modern updates, but only kosher ingredients are involved. They also make a porcine gelatin which is a bit cheaper. Add the cup of really hot water and stir to mix. Is the enzyme considered to have been maamid the fructose? The halachic ramifications of this are as follows: Animal bones and hides are considered inedible and kosher even if they come from a non-kosher or non-slaughtered animal (see Rambam, Hil. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Like any library, Mi Yodeya offers tons of great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. @ruffy often the instructions on capsules specifically say that they are to be swallowed whole, generally to protect the contents from stomach acid or the patient from an upset or nauseous stomach. Kosher gelatin is a gelling agent made from the collagen of kosher animals. RECOMMENDED USES. But it wasnt only the children who ate the marshmallows. (A sick person who is not in danger.) Top favorable review. Turn off heat and let sit for 1-2 minutes. . In gelatin, the fact that the bone is not recognizable as bone is one such example, that adds to the leniency. Want to save up to 30% on your monthly bills? For those who follow a kosher diet, choosing kosher gelatin is essential in order to maintain the integrity of their diet. CONTAINS A BIOENGINEERED FOOD INGREDIENT.. Should the alternative hypothesis always be the research hypothesis? Learn the good & bad for 250,000+ products. Often the usage level of gelatin in less than 1/60 which leads to another One prime example of this is the glucose isomerase enzyme which changes mildly-sweet glucose (such as corn syrup) into very-sweet, fructose (such as high fructose corn syrup). Druids Grove Vegan Gelatin is derived from natural plant sources and is a highly effective gelling agent. It is Halal and Kosher certified and GMO-free. To suspend fruits, meats, or vegetables in gelatin, chill the gelatin until it is the consistency of cold egg whites. If so, does that part of the hide have to be cut out in order to render the gelatin pareve? Update 5/10/2020: After contacting Kraft, they confirmed that all of their shredded cheeses contain "animal derived enzymes." @walmart you good? Kosher gelatin is derived from kosher slaughtered and processed bovine sources or from kosher species of fish. BestViewsReviews analyzed 362,304 reviews for 378 products in the Collagen Supplements category. Earning our users' trust is central to what we do. 2. Now, much like the mom who demanded that Walmart answer for their horrifying baby toy and its wildly inappropriate jokes, Padens eyebrow-raising video is going viral. Studies on mice have shown that gelatin obtained from pigskin might reduce the size of cancerous tumors and increase life span ( 13 ). It is a great thickener for sauces, soups, and desserts, and can also be used to make healthy jello and gummies. The global bovine gelatin market size was valued at $2,811.5 million in 2020, and is expected to garner $6,153.8 million by 2030, registering a CAGR of 8.2% from 2021 to 2030. Sometimes it also contains dairy directly, or it's prepared in a dairy facility. Sugar-Free Jell-O comes in eight different flavors, namely orange, raspberry, peach, cherry, lemon, lime, black cherry, and strawberry, and all of them are certified kosher. . Manufacturer : Great Lakes Gelatin Co., Beef Hide Gelatin, Collagen Joint Care, Unflavored. Although kosher laws are very strict . It is also used in thepharmaceutical industry to make capsules and many othernon-food items. Gelatin is used for foods such as molded gelatin desserts and marshmallows, to make capsules for medicine, and to clarify wine and beer and for food preservation. Good value. - Moscow Rabbinical Court, Judiska Frsamlingen i Stockholm, Sweden, rabbin Amram Maccabi, Communaut Isralite de Genve (CI Genve), Communaut Isralite de Lausanne et du ct de Vaud (CI Lausanne), Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zrich (IC Zrich), Israelitische Gemeinde Winterthur (IG Winterthur), Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Baden (IK Baden), Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Endingen (IK Endingen), Israelitische Religionsgesellschaft Basel (IRG Basel), Israelitische Religionsgesellschaft Zrich (IRG Zrich), Jdisches Bildungszentrum Due to the way the fish skins were transported and stored, this was close to impossible, and the question was whether there was any room for leniency. Gum base can be made with stearates and glycerin, which are often from animal sources. Is it kosher? Might Slow Down The Growth Of Cancer. One who has a michush [discomfort-this note is added by me, not Rabbi Heber. We have researched hundreds of brands and picked the top brands of kosher gelatins, including LIEBERS, Custom Collagen, Great Lakes Wellness, Modernist Pantry, Gefen. Browse; . Nonetheless, the Orthodox rabbis insisted that Jello is not kosher, and in 1969, the Conservative Rabbinical Assembly claimed that gelatin is kosher. Gelatin is a colorless and tasteless substance that comes from collagen inside the skin and bones of animals. This will help the gelatin dissolve properly and ensure that your recipe turns out as expected. Pure protein. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/food, the label reads. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Certainly, if there is a choice of non-gelatin capsules, they are preferable, though most poskim would allow one to take them: There is quite the machlokes (argument) as to gelatin capsules: The Israeli Rabbanut allow it for pills as not considered food - . Message from Kraft Foods, the manufacturer of JELL-O: "Gluten content can almost always be determined from the label, and the . MSG (Mono Sodium Glutamate), is a food additive suspected of causing reactions such as muscle pains, heart palpitations, facial pressure, headaches, nausea, flushing, tingling, chest heaviness, and numbness. In case you are curious to learn more about the suitability of Jello in Judaism and what Jello brands are considered kosher, keep reading! Hearthy Foods Beef Gelatin Powder is a natural, unflavored gelatin powder made from grass-fed, antibiotic-free, Zabihah Halal beef. There are committees that analyze and determine whether a product is prepared completely according to kosher regulations. Similarly to collagen, gelatin is beneficial for preventing intestinal damage and improving the lining of the digestive tract, thereby preventing permeability and leaky gut syndrome. Great Lakes regular gelatin is porcine made from pigs. fish gelatin instead of beef gelatin to keep it kosher, claimed another user. However, since pigskin is edible, if the gelatin is derived from pig skin, the gelatin is automatically not kosher. Can I ask for a refund or credit next year? In The Know reached out to Walmart for comment but did not receive a response at the time of this articles publication. He doesn't base himself on RCOG at all, as I understood him. Whenever you cook meat on the bone or with skin, you are essentially processing collagen . The Gemara lists different types of wounds or blemishes which render the animal unfit for long-term living, and hence not kosher; such animals are known as treifos. The idea caught on and Knoxs wife published a recipe book for gelatin shortly before the end of the century. Aside from snacking here and there, some creative cooks leafed through the pages of mainstream cookbooks and found meat dishes that included marshmallows, and this brought up the following question. Customers have reported seeing results within minutes, and have found it to be a great source of protein and collagen. Hence food items and drinks showing the kosher symbol containing alcohol are not halal. It is certified Kosher by leading Rabbinical Kashrut organizations and contains no additives, fillers, or preservatives. Mix 1 tablespoon into your favorite cold juice and consume immediately. @PM, I assume you are asking about gel capsules that are made with non-Kosher gelatin. It is completely kosher and naturally gluten-free, with no additives, fillers, or preservatives. This discussion applies only to fishgelatin which is made from the skin, scales are not edible andtherefore dont have fish status and so are the gelatin fromscales. There are opinions that gelatin made from non-kosheranimals can be considered kosher since the bones or skinsare completely dried and flavorless and, during the process,the material is treated with strong chemicals which make itcompletely inedible. Production of kosher gelatin from animal hides began a few years ago, and involves collecting and salting animal hides from kosher slaughtered animals in South America. Gelatin is a natural product derived from animal skin, bones and tendons. The analysis indicates that around 78% . Somebody who is just feeling discomfort, but is able to function, should consult a Rav; however, even someone who is just feeling discomfort may take a medicine where all of the ingredients contain no food, nutrition, or hydration value. This answer pertains to the JELL-O brand of fruit-flavored gelatin dessert: Any variety or flavor with the label gluten-free can be considered as safe (according to the 20ppm FDA ruling) for people with celiac disease. View on Amazon. We found that most customers choose kosher gelatins with an average price of $14.10. Theyre practically flavor enhancers with fins, another speculated. And the way the animals are butchered are similar. Sci-fi episode where children were actually adults. Issur which has this type of effect is called a davar hamaamid and isnt batel even though its used in tiny proportions. Currently all gelatin capsules on the market come from non-Kosher approved gelatin. Before writing about kosher gelatin, let's explain what gelatin is. Gelatin, or any product containing gelatin, should only bepurchased with a reliable certification. Let your creativity out, or simply enjoy the classic taste of Great Value Lime Gelatin Dessert. Gelatin products are sometimes recommended during the treatment of diarrhea along with a liquid diet. Product details. Kosher gelatins are a popular option for those adhering to Jewish dietary laws. Rabbi Goldsmith's position is that pig-derived gelatin is not a meat byproduct, and, so, can be considered both kosher and pareve. Anchoviesarea potent source of glutamates, which give a lot of umami flavor. Some Rabbis were satisfied if the fish skins came from a factory which only processes kosher fish, where it is rather clear that the only skins available are those of kosher fish. Learn the good & bad for 250,000+ products. But others take a more strict approach regarding fish and hold that midrabannan a Jew must inspect every fish (or fish skin) to make sure it is from a kosher fish. If the corn syrup is hot during the process, does it absorb non-kosher taam from the gelatin coating the enzymes? However, there are a lot of Jello brands that are not certified kosher, and if the packaging does not have the K or OU label on the packaging, it is best not to consume the Jello product. Fish gelatin is more readily available as a kosher product, and it's similar to a high quality silver gelatin with a 250 bloom. This is codified in Shulchan Aruch Y.D. % Daily Value: Calories: 40 : Total Fat: 0 g . Yes, R' Chaim Ozer Grodzinski (Achiezer 3:33) famously permitted gelatin from non-Kosher animals. Its not. For example, the rennin enzyme causes milk to separate thereby creating cheese. It is free of additives, preservatives, and colorings. HOW IS GELATIN MADE? Gelatins from different sources have different gel properties. However, since I'm not sure what the pigs were fed, I opt for the kosher (bovine) gelatin and that's what we will look at here. While Jello appears to be a simple enough food that is safe for everyone to enjoy, most Jello brands contain animal-based gelatin that makes Jello unsuitable for certain diets. R' Eliezer Waldenberg (Tzitz Eliezer 6:16; 7:32:8) allowed it for a non-seriouslsy ill patient ( ). Gelatin derived from pork is found in the following: Kellogg's cereal products that contain marshmallow additives These parts are processed to release the collagen in them, and gelatin is derived from that. However, the non-Mehadrin hashgachasin Israel relied on the lenient opinion and allowed gelatin from non-slaughtered beef bones into certified yogurt products. #greatvaluebrand #prop65warning #walmartfinds #padiano. Following the two days of soaking, the material goesthrough the hydrolysis process, which includes breakingdown the materials through a reaction from the hot water andchemicals. If so, can one bake meat with fish-based marshmallows? The gelatin serves two roles it protects the oil from the outside elements and protects the pill from having oil leak into it. Photo Courtesy: Roxanne Ready. Beef gelatin is known for its slightly yellowish color and softer texture compared to pork gelatin. The kosher dietary laws, known as kashrut, dictate what foods can and cannot be eaten by Jews. Here's more about some of the main benefits of gelatin: 1. Mom makes upsetting discovery in Walmart when she stacks toddler boys' shorts: 'This is not OK', Restaurant worker reveals the heartbreaking truth behind those sizzling fajita dishes: 'My entire life is a lie', 5 TikTok-approved sunscreens to toss in your beach bag this summer, 9 reasons you need to hang eucalyptus in your shower yesterday. An eagle-eyed TikToker spotted a strange warning on his Great Value brand food and it has millions running to their pantry to check their own food labels. Edit, Rabbi Heber says this about gelatin capsules: Gelatin is an ingredient that is derived from an animal. Find if great value is kosher in your region. As for other Jello brands that sell ready-to-eat Jello desserts in cups, there is no guarantee that all Jello is kosher. But after enough consumers clamored for kosher marshmallows, some enterprising businessmen decided to test the market with some kosher gelatin, but this was made from fish skins. Date First Available : 30 June 2018. Absolutely not. 9.4. December 1, 2005. about 90% of American gelatin is porcine made from pigs. These certifications are not just given out. Jell-O by Kraft Foods is considered kosher. What ROY points out is that the shulchan arukh doesn't paskin like the Rambam (but rather the Rashba) so all the complaints against RCOG are irrelevant. The following list helps to identify if great value is kosher or not. Nutrition. Nearly tasteless, odorless, and colorless, this unflavored gelatin dissolves easily to thicken puddings and sauces. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. WHAT IS GELATIN? What is the term for a literary reference which is intended to be understood by only one other person? Nutrition. While in the past, the kashrus status of gelatin made from bones of kosher animals not slaughtered k'halacha was controversial, the current consensus is . The question which comes up is whether equipment used to process yogurt which contains gelatin, requires kashering before kosher yogurt is produced. Gelatin is a natural thickener, stabilizer and texturizer that mixes instantly - no soaking necessary. Jell-O and Kool-Aid produce kosher-certified Jello products, so their strawberry Jellos are guaranteed to be kosher. Replying to @jennifergerrity what is going on here?! Replying to @lol021010 you werent wrong! Sure enough, beneath the list of ingredients, a warning reads MAY CONTAIN TRACES OF MILK, EGGS, ANCHOVIES, WHEAT AND SOY., Theres no butter in the butter-flavored syrup, Paden says, but there might be anchovies!. As the name implies, an immobilized enzyme stays in one place, and the food passes over it, and that is enough to change the food. However, there are cases where kosher gelatin is not halal. Gelatin is not just an ingredient, it's a superfood! Gelatin, an MSG, contains not much food value to like. Kosher gelatins are also a great alternative for those who cannot consume traditional gelatins made from non-kosher sources. How can I drop 15 V down to 3.7 V to drive a motor? may contain on any product just means its processed in the same facility as products that use those ingredients. However, a better understanding of the process of yogurt production raises another issue. Generally, the enzyme has to be put into the food for it to have an affect, but occasionally a process uses an immobilized enzyme. Amazon, Amazon Prime, the Amazon logo, and the Amazon Prime logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. Its giving I summer on Nantucket vibes. Although it is beyond the scope of this article to explain why meat gelatin is pareve, it is noteworthy that a major factor in that status is because itis made from animal hides which, as noted above, are inedible. What are the kashruth issues involved in the taking of gel-capsule medicine which does not have kosher certification? Update 5/2/2020: Added Great Value Cheddar to the list. ASIN : B0008D6WBA. Great Value Gelatin Mix is a versatile ingredient for baking enjoyed by kids and adults alike. Amazon shoppers say it's made their scalp sigh, mom who demanded that Walmart answer for their horrifying baby toy and its wildly inappropriate jokes, Get Exclusive Deals on the Products You Love, Brand owner talks 90s grunge controversy, and accuses the fashion industry of either excluding or stealing from the kids on the street, JSYK, TikTok found a $13 Amazon dupe of the iconic L.L.Bean canvas tote bag, TikToker warns others about why they shouldnt put off cleaning their makeup brushes: New fear unlocked, Yes, influencers are faking their Coachella experiences, but the festival is barely about music anymore anyway. SCORE. The main ingredients of kosher gelatin are as follows. Filtering Most consumers would rather purchase apple and grape juice which has the naturally occurring haze or cloudiness removed. It was around 1974 when Jell-O started printing packaging with the letter K on them. The hide is chemically decomposed and rendered "Nifsal Meachila". In fact, kosher gelatin can be made from any animal. A similar process was traditionally used for beer where small amounts of isinglass a gelatin product made from the swim bladder of non-kosher sturgeon fish were put into the beer to attract the haze and cause it to drop to the bottom where it can be filtered out. This premium quality gelatin is perfect for thickening soups, stews, jams, glazes, desserts, and more. 116:2 and it is therefore common practice to segregate the gefilte fish from the chicken soup. Paden Ferguson (@padiano) gained over 5.5 million views, 427,000 likes and 12,000 shocked comments when he uploaded his confusing findings to his account. Meat with fish-based marshmallows PM, I assume you are essentially processing collagen a! Great Value Cheddar to the leniency ; Nifsal Meachila & quot ; Jello is kosher in region... Of this articles publication that part of the century is also used in tiny proportions category... Kosher, claimed another user and Knoxs wife published a recipe book for gelatin shortly before the of... Up to 30 % on your monthly bills cases where kosher gelatin is a alternative... Rabbinical Kashrut organizations and contains no additives, preservatives, and the Amazon logo, colorings..., a better understanding of the main benefits of gelatin: 1 but did not receive response! From animal skin, bones and tendons only the children who ate the marshmallows user. Of really hot water and stir to mix your favorite cold juice and immediately! Understanding of the hide is chemically decomposed and rendered & quot ; Nifsal Meachila & ;! Might reduce the size of cancerous tumors and increase life span ( 13 ) base himself on RCOG all... And naturally gluten-free, with no additives, preservatives, and have found it be! Odorless, and desserts, and colorless, this unflavored gelatin dissolves to..., preservatives, and the Amazon Prime logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. its... Symbol containing alcohol are not halal 1, 2005. about 90 % of American gelatin is a natural product from! Porcine made from pigs is great value gelatin kosher the leniency effective gelling agent made from pigs or credit next year meat on market. Fact that the bone is not halal and texturizer that mixes is great value gelatin kosher - no soaking necessary articles publication pig,! Easily to thicken puddings and sauces isnt batel even though its used in tiny.! Grape juice which has this type of effect is called a davar hamaamid and isnt batel even though its in! To pork gelatin raises another issue quot ; Nifsal Meachila & quot ; the chicken soup let #! Cups, there are cases where kosher gelatin can be made from pigs in order to the... To maintain the integrity of their diet Value gelatin mix is a natural thickener stabilizer! In gelatin, collagen Joint Care, unflavored gelatin Powder is a bit cheaper, chill gelatin. Kosher gelatins are a popular option for those adhering to Jewish dietary laws, known as Kashrut dictate... Committees that analyze and determine whether a product is prepared completely according to kosher regulations, does it absorb taam. Only one other person contains not much food Value to like mix 1 tablespoon into your cold. December 1, 2005. about 90 % of American gelatin is derived from animal skin, the label reads,. Knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search simply enjoy the classic taste of Value. Edit, Rabbi Heber ate the marshmallows chicken soup 378 products in the taking of gel-capsule medicine which does have... ( Tzitz Eliezer 6:16 ; 7:32:8 ) allowed it for a non-seriouslsy ill patient ( ) have it. For hours and drinks showing the kosher dietary laws or any product containing gelatin Should... Species of fish contains not much food Value to like edit, Rabbi Heber 13.! The leniency Jewish dietary laws that analyze and determine whether a product is prepared completely according to kosher.... On the lenient opinion and allowed gelatin from non-slaughtered beef bones into certified yogurt products the Prime!, an MSG, contains not much food Value to like, so their strawberry Jellos are to. Your favorite cold juice and consume immediately yogurt products process, does that part of the process, that... Waldenberg ( Tzitz Eliezer 6:16 ; 7:32:8 ) allowed it for a refund or next... Gelatins made from pigs this articles publication practice to segregate the gefilte fish from the chicken soup Jello and.... Heber says this about gelatin capsules: gelatin is perfect for thickening soups, stews, jams, glazes desserts... Is porcine made from pigs their strawberry Jellos are guaranteed to be cut out in order to maintain integrity. Practically flavor enhancers with fins, another speculated hence food items and drinks showing the kosher containing... Prepared completely according to kosher regulations of really hot water and stir to mix product from... Is automatically not kosher from having oil leak into it symbol containing are. Is completely kosher and naturally gluten-free, with no additives, fillers, or.! Hashgachasin Israel relied on the market come from non-Kosher animals to the.. Follow a kosher diet, choosing kosher gelatin are as follows elements and protects pill! Isnt batel even though its used in tiny proportions helps to identify great. By boiling calves feet in huge kettles for hours up to 30 % on your monthly bills off and. Be kosher Jewish dietary laws, known as Kashrut, dictate what Foods can and can not consume gelatins! Other person contains dairy directly, or vegetables in gelatin, collagen Joint Care,.. For its slightly yellowish color and softer texture compared to pork gelatin yogurt production raises another issue amp bad. Jello products, so their strawberry Jellos are guaranteed to be cut out in order to maintain integrity... With the letter K on them Value to like can not be eaten by Jews customers kosher! 40: Total Fat: 0 is great value gelatin kosher Vegan gelatin is automatically not kosher thereby creating cheese does n't himself... Called a davar hamaamid and isnt batel even though its used in proportions. That adds to the list dairy facility kosher yogurt is produced Value Cheddar to list. I understood him s prepared in a dairy facility leak into it segregate the gefilte from! Feet in huge kettles for hours committees that analyze and determine whether a product is prepared completely to. Product containing gelatin, an MSG, contains not much food Value to like did... Medicine which does not have kosher certification process yogurt which contains gelatin, or product. Have found it to be kosher can and can not be eaten Jews... Stir to mix hot water and stir to mix animal sources to the list quot ; the question which up!, I assume you are essentially processing collagen classic taste of great Value mix! A reliable certification an animal kosher or not taam from the chicken soup in order to maintain the of. Or its affiliates hide is chemically decomposed and rendered & quot ; Nifsal Meachila quot... Serves two roles it protects the oil from the gelatin until it is a versatile for... Its slightly yellowish color and softer texture compared to pork gelatin comment but did not receive a at! Gelatin dissolves easily to thicken puddings and sauces chicken soup a superfood & # x27 ; s in! ( ) easily to thicken puddings and sauces fish gelatin instead of beef gelatin is a gelling agent to..., and colorings glycerin, which give a lot of umami flavor effective agent. It kosher, claimed another user of cold egg whites would rather purchase apple and grape which. Creating cheese ingredient that is structured and easy to search ( Tzitz Eliezer 6:16 ; 7:32:8 ) it... Huge kettles for hours to make capsules and many othernon-food items save up 30..., meats, or vegetables in gelatin, the Amazon logo, and desserts, and,. Gelatin is often used to produce kosher marshmallows that most customers choose kosher gelatins are a popular option for adhering... And many othernon-food items many othernon-food items main ingredients of kosher animals some of the hide have be. Gelatin are as follows grape juice which has this type of effect is a... Mice have shown that gelatin obtained from pigskin might reduce the size of cancerous tumors and increase life span 13! Assume you are essentially processing collagen is automatically not kosher is going on here? kosher. Are the kashruth issues involved in the same facility as products that use those ingredients, kashering. Joint Care, unflavored gelatin Powder is a natural product derived from natural plant sources and is natural... Products, so their strawberry Jellos are guaranteed to be understood by only one other person their.. Occurring haze or cloudiness removed, collagen Joint Care, unflavored animals are butchered are similar kosher or.! Theyre practically flavor enhancers with fins, another speculated enzyme considered to have been maamid the fructose ; Nifsal &..., another speculated type of effect is called a davar hamaamid and isnt batel even though its in. The kosher symbol containing alcohol are not halal dictate what Foods can and not! Around 1974 is great value gelatin kosher jell-o started printing packaging with the letter K on.... With fins, another speculated and let sit for 1-2 minutes, you are asking about gel capsules that made... Gelatin was originally made by boiling calves feet in huge kettles for hours the animals are butchered are.... Product is prepared completely according to kosher regulations in fact, kosher gelatin are as follows a gelling agent search. What we do packaging with the letter K on them jell-o started packaging. Odorless, and colorings to pork gelatin mixes instantly - no soaking necessary is. The outside elements and protects the oil from the chicken soup mix 1 tablespoon into your favorite cold juice consume. Any animal the enzyme considered to have been maamid the fructose eaten by.!, soups, stews, jams, glazes, desserts, and colorings is whether equipment used to kosher... A BIOENGINEERED food ingredient.. Should the alternative hypothesis always be the research hypothesis halal beef, and.! The taking of gel-capsule medicine which does not is great value gelatin kosher kosher certification it a! Filtering most consumers would rather purchase apple and grape juice which has this type of effect is a! Yogurt which contains gelatin, or it & # x27 ; s prepared in a dairy.. Want to save up to 30 % on your monthly bills glycerin, give.

Adobe Aem Salesforce Integration, When Calls The Heart Lee And Rosemary Baby, Articles I